基于动态行为学习的空中目标识别方法

针对空中移动目标识别问题,提出了一种基于动态行为学习的识别方法。首先,从数据源中提取目标要素,经过标注形成目标数据特征集;其次,基于应用场景进行特征组合,形成特征模型要素;然后,基于深度学习算法进行模型训练,得到评估最优的模型参数;最后,利用训练后的模型进行目标识别处理。通过数值仿真验证,该方法能够有效地识别无业务规则的目标身份。     

基于数据质量评价的目标估计

针对目标估计过程需要大量人工参与、自动化程度低的问题，提出了基于数据质量评价的目标估计方法。利用目标数据质量评价方法，对不同传感器得到的目标数据质量进行科学、有效的测度和评价，并根据质量得分动态调整各数据源在目标估计过程中所占的权重，从而减少人工干预，提高目标估计效能。仿真试验结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and post-GWAS analyses for technological traits in Assaf and Churra dairy breeds

This study aimed to perform a GWAS to identify genomic regions associated with milk and cheese-making traits in Assaf and Churra dairy sheep breeds; second, it aimed to identify possible positional and functional candidate genes and their interactions through post-GWAS studies. For 2,020 dairy ewes from 2 breeds (1,039 Spanish Assaf and 981 Churra), milk samples were collected and analyzed to determine 6 milk production and composition traits and 6 traits related to milk coagulation properties and cheese yield. The genetic profiles of the ewes were obtained using a genotyping chip array that included 50,934 SNP markers. For both milk and cheese-making traits, separate single-breed GWAS were performed using GCTA software. The set of positional candidate genes identified via GWAS was subjected to guilt-by-association-based prioritization analysis with ToppGene software. Totals of 84 and 139 chromosome-wise significant associations for the 6 milk traits and the 6 cheese-making traits were identified in this study. No significant SNPs were found in common between the 2 studied breeds, possibly due to their genetic heterogeneity of the phenotypes under study. Additionally, 63 and 176 positional candidate genes were located in the genomic intervals defined as confidence regions in relation to the significant SNPs identified for the analyzed traits for Assaf and Churra breeds. After the functional prioritization analysis, 71 genes were identified as promising positional and functional candidate genes and proposed as targets of future research to identify putative causative variants in relation to the traits under examination. In addition, this multitrait study allowed us to identify variants that have a pleiotropic effect on both milk production and cheese-related traits. The incorporation of variants among the proposed functional and positional candidate genes into genomic selection strategies represent an interesting approach for achieving rapid genetic gains, specifically for those traits difficult to measure, such as cheese-making traits.     

基于单光子计数激光雷达的Bayesian检测研究

在单光子计数激光雷达检测领域,目前的检测方法在低信噪比情况下虚警概率会增加,同时也无法适应噪声变化的问题。针对这些问题,提出了一种基于Bayesian的检测方法,该方法首先通过雷达方程估计回波信号光子数的范围,将其作为先验信息,而后结合二项分布建立了累计概率模型,基于Bayesian判决准则计算得到检测阈值,此阈值能够在检测概率与虚警概率中间择其平衡。这种方法不仅克服了低信噪比检测困难的情况,还减少了先验信息的获取难度。实验结果表明,对比固定阈值其虚警概率降低了10倍。对比“恒虚警”其检测概率提高了约20。验证了方法具有良好的检测效果,具备一定的可操作性。     

Effects of different agro-industrial waste as substrates on proximate composition,metals, and mineral contents of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)

The use of agro-industrial waste as substrates for mushroom cultivation is considered a promising management strategy for reducing and valorising these wastes, simultaneously reducing the cost of mushroom cultivation. In this study, oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus were cultivated on twelve substrates composed of either tea waste, lime sawdust, alder sawdust, hornbeam sawdust/shaving, wheat stalk-straw, wheat bran or their composite to determine the proximate composition and accumulation of thirteen elements in their fruiting bodies. The proximate composition of P. ostreatus did not show a significant difference, regardless of the employed substrate. (one-way manova ; F_{(66, 107)} = 1.329, Wilk’s λ = 0.041, P > 0.05). However, their chemical element contents show a statistically significant difference (one-way manova ; F_{(132, 418)} = 32.163, Wilk’s λ = 0.000, P < 0.05). These results were supported by discriminant function and principal component analyses. The highest mean concentrations of six of twelve elements (i.e., Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Cd and Cr) were recorded in P. ostreatus cultivated on the lime-sawdust substrate. Three health indices viz., estimated daily intake, target hazard quotient (THQ) and total THQ were applied to determine the risk to human health via the consumption of P. ostreatus, suggesting that they are safe for human consumption.     

应用型本科《微生物学》课程目标定位及任务驱动式教学

应用型本科是高等教育转型发展的产物,对普通本科教育是一种必要的补充。本文分析了《微生物学》教学工作者在应用型本科的前提下如何进行准确的课程目标定位,并探索了与之适应的任务驱动式教学模式。结果表明:任务驱动式教学能有效执行应用型本科《微生物学》课程目标定位,极大提高学生学习的积极性和主动性,取得良好的教学效果力。